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2020 | October-December | Volume 6 | Issue 4

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EDITORIAL

Dr Mohan K Rao

Diabetes is Reversible – A Reality

[Year:2020] [Month:October-December] [Volume:6] [Number:4] [Pages:2] [Pages No:iv - v]

   DOI: 10.5005/jmeds-6-4-iv  |  Open Access | 

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Jinsa Nizam, Shashikala Manjunath, GS Vidya, Chandrakala

Evaluation of Occupational Health among Brick Factory Workers

[Year:2020] [Month:October-December] [Volume:6] [Number:4] [Pages:4] [Pages No:57 - 60]

Keywords: Brick kiln, Occupation safety, Respiratory complications

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10045-00158  |  Open Access | 

Abstract

Introduction: Brick-kiln workers suffer from high morbidity because of their work. This demands urgent attention to the health and safety of brick-kiln workers. Very limited data on the occupational health status of brick-kiln workers are available in Karnataka. The study was primarily focused on detecting the evidence regarding the occupational hazards among brick factory workers and designing and developing better strategies for improving the working conditions of workers engaged in kilns. Materials and methods: A total of 124 workers with at least a year of experience were included in the study. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured pretested questionnaire. The information on the demography, their personal habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, occupational exposure history, and health-seeking behavior. Specific questions/symptoms were asked on the effects of exposure to dust and other particles such as eye irritation, upper respiratory tract irritation, headache, and excessive fatigue. They were subjected to general physical examination and the basic parameters of height, weight, and blood pressure were recorded. Results: Forty percent of workers reported health-related problems, out of which 26% of them were referred to higher centers for further check-up and treatment. Thirty-four percent were having multiple joint pains, low backache, and knee pain. Thirty-two percent complained of rhinitis-like symptoms mainly due exposure to cement and other dust particles due to occupational exposure. The rest of the workers complained of bilateral leg pain, gastric irritation, chest pain on exertion, visual disturbances, and difficulty in hearing. Conclusion: Brick kilns need a well-designed comprehensive plan and the necessary resources to prevent work-related illnesses and health risks. This strategy can improve the working conditions and also the productivity of the workers.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sagar P Kabadi, Mamatha B Patil

Clinical Study on Newly Detected Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Special Reference to Serum Vitamin D Levels and Obesity

[Year:2020] [Month:October-December] [Volume:6] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:61 - 67]

Keywords: BMI, Diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, Obesity, Vitamin D

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10045-00160  |  Open Access | 

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major public health issues facing the world in the 21st century, WHO estimates >425 million people have DM worldwide, India having second highest, i.e., 72.9 million. The link of vitamin D with abnormal glucose metabolism gained more scientific attention in the last decade. Globally one in six adults is obese and nearly 2.8 million die each year due to obesity. Obesity and DM are chronic diseases harming human health. Studies demonstrate vitamin D deficiency is closely related to obesity and increased risk of DM. Aims and objectives: To study the clinical profile of newly-detected-type-II-DM patients in relation to vitamin D levels. Correlation of vitamin D levels with BMI in newly-detected-type-II-DM patients. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study done over 1 year, among 150 newly-detected-type-II-DM patients, in RRMCH. Informed consent was taken and detailed history, physical examination was done. All patients were submitted for investigations like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, and vitamin D levels. Results: The mean age was 49.17 ± 12.72. One hundred and eleven (74%) of them had vitamin D levels <30 ng/dL. Mean vitamin D levels were 24.24 ± 11.20. Mean HbA1c was 10.96 ± 1.78, 9.66 ± 1.37, and 7.05 ± 0.65, among patients having their vitamin D levels ranging <20, 20–30, and >30 ng/dL, respectively, showing p value < 0.001. Mean BMI was 29.90 ± 2.18, of 111 of them who had vitamin D levels <30 ng/dL, 74 of them had BMI (18.5–22.9), 20 had BMI (23–24.9), and 17 of them had BMI >25. Interpretation and conclusion: In our study, we found that the higher the HbA1c levels, the lower was the vitamin D levels suggesting a good correlation between poor glycemic control and low vitamin D levels. Also, BMI showed moderate correlation to vitamin D levels. Thus, we can conclude that vitamin D levels can be independent risk factors for the development of DM and obesity and hence must be treated promptly.

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CASE REPORT

Biswajit G Dastidar, Shazia Gulshan, Anindya Sarkar, Arup K Halder

Uncommon Presentation of a Common Infection

[Year:2020] [Month:October-December] [Volume:6] [Number:4] [Pages:2] [Pages No:68 - 69]

Keywords: Ferritin, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Salmonella, Sepsis

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10045-00159  |  Open Access | 

Abstract

Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical syndrome resulting from the immunological hyperactivation of macrophages. The condition can be triggered by an infection, malignancy, or autoimmune disease. Though the current literatures demonstrated a significant portion of sepsis patients are probably suffering from HLH. Case description: Here, we present a case who presented like features of gram-negative sepsis but prompt diagnosis of HLH and treatment saved the patient's life. Conclusion: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis should be anticipated and recognized in fulminating sepsis-like conditions and promptly treated with steroids.

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CASE REPORT

Srinivas M Prasad, MVS Shreyas, MS Prakash, S Santhosh

Management of AKI in Rhino-sinosal Mucormycosis Treated with Amphotericin B

[Year:2020] [Month:October-December] [Volume:6] [Number:4] [Pages:4] [Pages No:70 - 73]

Keywords: COVID-19, Fungal infection, Hypervolemia

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10045-00161  |  Open Access | 

Abstract

We describe a case of rhino-sinosal mucormycosis in a CAT-B coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patient who developed an AKI, 2 weeks following her recovery from COVID-19. The case report explores the impact of appropriate fluid balance on the treatment of AKI in a patient receiving Inj amphotericin B for the management of rhino-sinosal mucormycosis which she contracted during her COVID-19 infection.

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