Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major public health issues facing the world in the 21st century, WHO estimates >425 million people have DM worldwide, India having second highest, i.e., 72.9 million. The link of vitamin D with abnormal glucose metabolism gained more scientific attention in the last decade. Globally one in six adults is obese and nearly 2.8 million die each year due to obesity. Obesity and DM are chronic diseases harming human health. Studies demonstrate vitamin D deficiency is closely related to obesity and increased risk of DM.
Aims and objectives: To study the clinical profile of newly-detected-type-II-DM patients in relation to vitamin D levels. Correlation of vitamin D levels with BMI in newly-detected-type-II-DM patients.
Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study done over 1 year, among 150 newly-detected-type-II-DM patients, in RRMCH. Informed consent was taken and detailed history, physical examination was done. All patients were submitted for investigations like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, and vitamin D levels.
Results: The mean age was 49.17 ± 12.72. One hundred and eleven (74%) of them had vitamin D levels <30 ng/dL. Mean vitamin D levels were 24.24 ± 11.20. Mean HbA1c was 10.96 ± 1.78, 9.66 ± 1.37, and 7.05 ± 0.65, among patients having their vitamin D levels ranging <20, 20–30, and >30 ng/dL, respectively, showing p value < 0.001. Mean BMI was 29.90 ± 2.18, of 111 of them who had vitamin D levels <30 ng/dL, 74 of them had BMI (18.5–22.9), 20 had BMI (23–24.9), and 17 of them had BMI >25.
Interpretation and conclusion: In our study, we found that the higher the HbA1c levels, the lower was the vitamin D levels suggesting a good correlation between poor glycemic control and low vitamin D levels. Also, BMI showed moderate correlation to vitamin D levels. Thus, we can conclude that vitamin D levels can be independent risk factors for the development of DM and obesity and hence must be treated promptly.
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