Mattison JB. Cocaine poisoning. Med Surg Rep. 1891;115:645-650.
Bier AKG. Experiments in cocainization of the spinal cord, 1899. In: Faulconer A, Keys TE, trans. Foundations of Anesthesiology. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas; 1963:854.
Neal JM, Barrington MJ, Fettiplace MR, Gitman M, Memtsoudis SG, Morwald EE, et al. The third American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Practice Advisory on Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2018;43:113-123.
El-Boghdadly K, Chin KJ. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: continuing professional development. Can J Anesth 2016; 63:330-349.
Safety Committee of Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists. Practical guide for the management of systemic toxicity caused by local anesthetics. J Anesth 2019; 33:1-8.
Christie LE. Picard J, Weinberg GL. Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity. BJA Education 2015; 15:136-142.
El-Boghdadly K, Pawa A, Chin KJ. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: current perspectives. Local Reg Anesth 2018; 11:35-44.
Cusack S, Jaros M, Kuss M, Minkowitz HS, Winkle P, Hemsen L. Clinical evaluation of Xaracoll®, a bupivacaine-collagen implant, for postoperative analgesia in two multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot studies. J Pain Res 2012; 5:217-225.
Rathmell JP, Strichartz G, Wanderer J. Neosaxitoxin versus traditional local anesthetics: Mechanism of action and sites of notable effect. Anesthesiology 2015; 123:A23.
Sekimoto K, Tobe M, Saito S. Local anesthetic toxicity: acute and chronic management. Acute Med Surg 2017; 4:152-160.
Neal JM, Woodward CM, Harrison TK. The American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine checklist for managing local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018; 43:150-153.
